Did you know
The Kronstadt rebellion occurred on Kotlin Island in the Gulf of Finland, which was a strategic location for defending Petrograd.
March 1 in History
1921 — Following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in the RSFSR, the Kronstadt rebellion begins, with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks
March 1 spans 67 recorded events across recorded history, from 509 BC to 2014. Below is a curated digest of the most significant moments tied to this date.
By thisDay.info Editorial Team · — Wikipedia
Historical Events
67 events
509 BC – 2014
Today in history
More major events on March 1
The featured story and these ranked highlights form a quick summary. Every recorded event remains available in the chronology below.
- 2002 The Envisat environmental satellite successfully launches aboard an Ariane 5 rocket to reach an orbit of 800 km (500 mi) above the Earth, which was the then-largest payload at 10.5 m long and with a diameter of 4.57 m. Source
- 1872 Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park. Source
- 1896 Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War. Source
- -509 Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. Source
Did you know
Stepan Petrichenko led the rebellion against the Bolshevik government, which lasted for sixteen days in March 1921.
Did you know
The rebellion was the last major revolt against Bolshevik rule on Russian territory during the Russian Civil War.
Did you know
The Baltic Fleet was based in Kronstadt, and the city played a crucial role in the Russian Civil War.
Did you know
The Kronstadt rebellion was ultimately put down by the Soviet government, resulting in significant consequences for the rebels and the city of Kronstadt.
-509
Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia.
Roman aristocrat who helped overthrow monarchy (died 503 BC)
Publius Valerius Poplicola or Publicola was one of four Roman aristocrats who led the overthrow of the monarchy, and became a Roman consul, the colleague of Lucius Junius Brutus in 509 BC, traditionally considered the…
293
Emperor Diocletian and Maximian appoint Constantius Chlorus and Galerius as Caesars.
This is considered the beginning of the Tetrarchy, known as the Quattuor Principes Mundi ("Four Rulers of the World").
Diocletian, nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305. He was born Diocles to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia.
350
Vetranio proclaims himself Caesar after being encouraged to do so by Constantina, sister of Constantius II.
Roman emperor and usurper in 350
Vetranio was briefly an imperial usurper and emperor in the Roman Empire in 350, during which time he controlled Illyricum between the rival emperors Magnus Magnentius and Constantius II, eventually capitulating to the…
834
Emperor Louis the Pious is restored as sole ruler of the Frankish Empire.
Emperor of the Carolingian Empire from 813 to 840
Louis the Pious, also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781.
1290
University of Coimbra, in Portugal, is officially chartered by King Denis.
Public university in Coimbra, Portugal
The University of Coimbra (UC) is a public research university in Coimbra, Portugal.
1476
Forces of the Catholic Monarchs engage the combined Portuguese-Castilian armies of Afonso V and Prince John at the Battle of Toro.
Title for Isabella I and Ferdinand II
The Catholic Monarchs were Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon, whose marriage and joint rule marked the de facto unification of Spain.
1562
Sixty-three Huguenots are massacred in Wassy, France, marking the start of the French Wars of Religion.
Historical religious group of French Protestants
The Huguenots are a religious group of French Protestants who held to the Reformed (Calvinist) tradition of Protestantism.
1628
Writs issued in February by Charles I of England mandate that every county in England (not just seaport towns) pay ship tax by this date.
King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1625 to 1649
Charles I was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.
1633
Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France on behalf of Cardinal Richelieu.
French explorer of North America (1574–1635)
Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, navigator, cartographer, soldier, geographer, diplomat, and chronicler who founded Quebec City and established New France as a permanent French colony in North America.
1692
Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba are brought before local magistrates in Salem Village, Massachusetts, beginning what would become known as the Salem witch trials.
American colonist executed during the Salem Witch Trials (1653–1692)
Sarah Good was one of the first three women to be accused of witchcraft in the Salem witch trials, which occurred in 1692 in colonial Massachusetts.
1781
The Articles of Confederation goes into effect in the United States.
First constitution of the United States from 1781 to 1789
The Articles of Confederation, officially the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement and early body of law in the Thirteen Colonies, which served as the nation's first frame of government during…
1796
The Dutch East India Company is nationalized by the Batavian Republic.
1602–1799 Dutch trading company
The United East India Company, commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world.
1805
Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted at the end of his impeachment trial before the U.S.
Senate.
Samuel Chase was a Founding Father of the United States, signer of the Continental Association and United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Maryland, and Associate Justice of the United States…
1811
Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali.
Slave-soldiers and enslaved mercenaries in the Muslim world
Mamluk or mamaluk were non-Arab, ethnically diverse enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties in the Muslim world.
1815
Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba.
French general and emperor (1769–1821)
Napoleon Bonaparte, later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was Emperor of the French from 18 May 1804 until his first abdication in 1814, with a brief restoration during the Hundred Days in 1815.
1836
A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico.
Texas convention declaring their independence from Mexico
The Convention of 1836 was the meeting of elected delegates in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas in March 1836.
1845
United States President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas.
President of the United States from 1841 to 1845
John Tyler was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841.
1867
Nebraska is admitted as the 37th U.S.
state.
Nebraska is a triple-landlocked state in the Midwestern region of the United States.
1870
Marshal F.
S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
Francisco Solano López Carrillo was a Paraguayan statesman, military officer and politician who served as President of Paraguay between 1862 and 1870, of which he served mostly during the Paraguayan War (1864–1870).
1871
The victorious Prussian Army parades through Paris, France, after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.
Land forces of Prussia (1701–1919)
The Royal Prussian Army served as the army of the Kingdom of Prussia. It became vital to the development of Prussia as a European political and military power and within Germany.
1872
Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.
National park in the western United States
Yellowstone National Park is a national park of the United States located in the northwest corner of the state of Wyoming, with small portions of it extending into Montana and Idaho. It was established by the 42nd U.S.
1893
Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St.
Louis, Missouri.
Nikola Tesla was a Serbian-American engineer, futurist, and inventor. He is known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.
1896
Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
1896 battle of the First Italo-Ethiopian War
The Battle of Adwa was the climactic battle of the First Italo-Ethiopian War.
1896
Henri Becquerel discovers radioactive decay.
French physicist (1852–1908)
Antoine Henri Becquerel was a French experimental physicist who shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with Marie and Pierre Curie for his discovery of radioactivity.
1901
The Australian Army is formed.
Land warfare branch of the Australian Defence Force
The Australian Army is the principal land warfare force of Australia. It is a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force.
1910
The deadliest avalanche in United States history buries a Great Northern Railway train in northeastern King County, Washington, killing 96 people.
Ghost town in Washington (state)
Wellington was a small unincorporated railroad community in the northwest United States, on the Great Northern Railway in northeastern King County, Washington.
1914
China joins the Universal Postal Union.
Mainland period of the Republic of China
The Republic of China established its governance over Mainland China on 1 January 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history.
1917
The Zimmermann Telegram is reprinted in newspapers across the United States after the U.S.
government releases its unencrypted text.
The Zimmermann telegram was a secret diplomatic communication issued from the German Foreign Office on January 17, 1917, that proposed a military contract between the German Empire and Mexico if the United States…
1919
March 1st Movement begins in Korea under Japanese rule.
1919 anti-colonial protests in Korea
The March First Movement was a series of protests against Japanese colonial rule that was held throughout Korea and internationally by the Korean diaspora beginning on March 1, 1919.
1921
The Australian cricket team captained by Warwick Armstrong becomes the first team to complete a whitewash of The Ashes, something that would not be repeated for 86 years.
The Australia men's national cricket team represents Australia in international cricket.
1932
Aviator Charles Lindbergh's 20-month-old son Charles Jr is kidnapped from his home in East Amwell, New Jersey.
His body would not be found until May 12.
Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an American aviator, military officer, and author.
1939
An Imperial Japanese Army ammunition dump explodes at Hirakata, Osaka, Japan, killing 94.
Principal ground force of the Empire of Japan
The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan from 1871 to 1945.
1941
World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers.
Global conflict (1939–1945)
World War II, or the Second World War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.
1942
World War II: Japanese forces land on Java, the main island of the Dutch East Indies, at Merak and Banten Bay (Banten), Eretan Wetan (Indramayu) and Kragan (Rembang).
Japanese nation state from 1868 to 1947
The Empire of Japan, also known as the Japanese Empire or Imperial Japan, was the period of Japanese history spanning 79 years, starting with the Meiji Restoration on 3 January 1868, and ending with ratification of the…
1946
The Bank of England is nationalised.
Central bank of the United Kingdom
The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based.
1947
The International Monetary Fund begins financial operations.
Financial institution and UN specialized agency
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international financial institution and a specialized agency of the United Nations, headquartered in Washington, D.C.
1950
Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data.
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
The Cold War was a period of international geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc.
1953
Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924 to 1953
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was a Soviet revolutionary and politician who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.
1954
Nuclear weapons testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
Controlled detonation of nuclear weapons for scientific or political purposes
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine the performance of nuclear weapons and the effects of their explosion. Over 2,000 nuclear weapons tests have been carried out since 1945.
1954
Armed Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives.
Initiatives by inhabitants throughout the history of Puerto Rico
The independence movement in Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, involves all activities seeking the independence of the archipelago and island as a sovereign state.
1956
The International Air Transport Association finalizes a draft of the Radiotelephony spelling alphabet for the International Civil Aviation Organization.
International trade association for airlines
The International Air Transport Association is an airline trade association founded in 1945.
1956
Formation of the East German Nationale Volksarmee.
Country in Central Europe (1949–1990)
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany on 3 October 1990.
1958
Samuel Alphonsus Stritch is appointed Pro-Prefect of the Propagation of Faith and thus becomes the first U.S.
member of the Roman Curia.
Samuel Alphonsius Stritch was an American Catholic prelate who served as archbishop of Chicago from 1940 to 1958 and as pro-prefect of the Congregation for Propagation of the Faith from March 1958 until his death two…
1961
Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections.
Country in East Africa
Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda, is a landlocked country in East Africa.
1962
American Airlines Flight 1 crashes into Jamaica Bay in New York, killing 95.
Crash in New York City with no survivors
American Airlines Flight 1 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight from New York International (Idlewild) Airport in New York City to Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles.
1964
Villarrica Volcano begins a strombolian eruption causing lahars that destroy half of the town of Coñaripe.
Active volcano in southern Chile
Villarrica is one of Chile's most active volcanoes, rising above the lake and town of the same name, 750 km (470 mi) south of Santiago.
1964
Paradise Airlines Flight 901A crashes near Lake Tahoe, Nevada, killing 85.
1964 aviation accident in the United States
Paradise Airlines Flight 901A was a scheduled passenger flight from San Jose Municipal Airport to Tahoe Valley Airport, both within California, United States.
1966
Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.
Soviet Venus space probe
Venera 3 was a Venera program space probe that was built and launched by the Soviet Union to explore the surface of Venus. It was launched on 16 November 1965 at 04:19 UTC from Baikonur, Kazakhstan, USSR.
1966
The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria.
Syrian political party (1947–1966)
The Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, also known simply as the Baʽath Party, was a political party founded in Syria by Michel Aflaq, Salah al-Din al-Bitar, and associates of Zaki al-Arsuzi.
1971
President of Pakistan Yahya Khan indefinitely postpones the pending national assembly session, precipitating massive civil disobedience in East Pakistan.
Head of state
The President of Pakistan is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
1973
Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages.
Palestinian militant organization (1970 – c. 1988)
The Black September Organization was a Palestinian militant organization, which was founded in September 1970.
1974
Watergate scandal: Seven are indicted for their role in the Watergate break-in and charged with conspiracy to obstruct justice.
1970s political scandal in the U.S.
The Watergate scandal, or simply Watergate, was a political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon.
1981
Provisional Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands begins his hunger strike in HM Prison Maze.
Paramilitary force active from 1969 to 2005
The Provisional Irish Republican Army, officially known as the Irish Republican Army and informally known as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary force that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland,…
1990
Steve Jackson Games is raided by the United States Secret Service, prompting the later formation of the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
American game publishing company
Steve Jackson Games (SJGames) is a game company, founded in 1980 by Steve Jackson, that creates and publishes role-playing, board, and card games, and the gaming magazine Pyramid.
1991
Uprisings against Saddam Hussein begin in Iraq, leading to the deaths of more than 25,000 people, mostly civilians.
Anti-government uprisings in Ba'athist Iraq
The 1991 Iraqi uprisings were ethnic and religious uprisings against Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime that were mainly led by Shia rebels and Kurds.
1992
Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Country in Southeast Europe
Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to as Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe.
1998
Titanic becomes the first film to gross over $1 billion worldwide.
1997 film by James Cameron
Titanic is a 1997 American epic historical romance film written and directed by James Cameron. Incorporating both historical and fictional aspects, it is based on accounts of the sinking of RMS Titanic in 1912.
2002
U.S.
invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.
The war in Afghanistan was a prolonged armed conflict lasting from 2001 to 2021.
2002
The Envisat environmental satellite successfully launches aboard an Ariane 5 rocket to reach an orbit of 800 km (500 mi) above the Earth, which was the then-largest payload at 10.5 m long and with a diameter of 4.57 m.
ESA Earth observation satellite (2002–2012)
Envisat is a large Earth-observing satellite which has been inactive since 2012.
2002
Space Shuttle Columbia is launched on STS-109 to service the Hubble Space Telescope.
Space Shuttle orbiter (1981–2003)
Space Shuttle Columbia (OV-102) was a Space Shuttle orbiter manufactured by Rockwell International and operated by NASA.
2003
Management of the United States Customs Service and the United States Secret Service moves to the United States Department of Homeland Security.
U.S. federal government agency from 1789 to 2003
The United States Customs Service was a federal law enforcement agency of the U.S. federal government.
2005
In Roper v.
Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court rules that the execution of juveniles found guilty of any crime is unconstitutional.
Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005), is a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court held that it is unconstitutional to impose capital punishment for crimes committed while under…
2006
English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station.
English-language edition of Wikipedia
The English Wikipedia is the primary English-language edition of Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia. It was created by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger on 15 January 2001, as Wikipedia's first edition.
2007
Tornadoes break out across the southern United States, killing at least 20 people, including eight at Enterprise High School.
Violently rotating column of air
A tornado, also known as a twister, is a rapidly rotating column of air that extends vertically from the surface of the Earth to the base of a cumulonimbus or cumulus cloud.
2008
The Armenian police clash with peaceful opposition rally protesting against allegedly fraudulent presidential elections; as a result ten people are killed.
National police of Armenia
The Police of the Republic of Armenia is the national police of Armenia.
2014
Thirty-five people are killed and 143 injured in a mass stabbing at Kunming Railway Station in China.
Knife attack at Kunming Railway Station in Kunming, Yunnan, China
On 1 March 2014, a group of five knife-wielding terrorists attacked passengers in the Kunming Railway Station in Kunming, Yunnan, China, killing 31 people, and wounding 143 others.