Did you know
In 1918, World War I: Czech politicians peacefully take over the city of Prague, thus establishing the First Czechoslovak Republic. This featured entry focuses on the immediate decision and its direct historical impact.
October 28 in History
1918 — World War I: Czech politicians peacefully take over the city of Prague, thus establishing the First Czechoslovak Republic
October 28 spans 57 recorded events across recorded history, from 97 to 2025. Below is a curated digest of the most significant moments tied to this date.
By thisDay.info Editorial Team · — Wikipedia
Historical Events
57 events
97 – 2025
Today in history
More major events on October 28
The featured story and these ranked highlights form a quick summary. Every recorded event remains available in the chronology below.
- 2018 Jair Bolsonaro is elected president of Brazil with 57 million votes, with Workers' Party candidate Fernando Haddad as the runner-up. It is the first time in 16 years that a Workers' Party candidate is not elected president. Source
- 2007 Cristina Fernández de Kirchner becomes the first directly elected female President of Argentina. Source
- 1918 World War I: A new Polish government in western Galicia is established, triggering the Polish–Ukrainian War. Source
Did you know
The First Czechoslovak Republic, often colloquially referred to as the First Republic, was the first Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938, a union of ethnic Czechs and Slovaks. This helps explain why the event mattered beyond the initial announcement.
Did you know
The country was commonly called Czechoslovakia, a compound of Czech and Slovak; which gradually became the most widely used name for its successor states. This clarifies the institutional and public response around the event.
Did you know
It was composed of former territories of Austria-Hungary, inheriting different systems of administration from the formerly Austrian and Hungarian territories. This shows how the event shaped policy and public communication in the same period.
Did you know
In 1918, World War I: Czech politicians peacefully take over the city of Prague, thus establishing the First Czechoslovak Republic had consequences that extended beyond the first headline. The key context is the institutions involved, the policy shift, and how the public response evolved afterward.
97
Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor.
Calendar year
312
Constantine I defeats Maxentius, becoming the sole Roman emperor in the West.
Roman emperor from 306 to 337
969
The Byzantine Empire recovers Antioch from Arab rule.
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
1344
The lower town of Smyrna is captured by Latin Christians in response to Aydınid piracy during the Smyrniote crusades.
Anatolian piratical Beylik
1420
Beijing is officially designated the capital of the Ming dynasty when the Forbidden City is completed.
Capital city of China
1449
Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
Scandinavian monarch under the Kalmar Union (1426–1481)
1453
Ladislaus the Posthumous is crowned king of Bohemia in Prague.
Duke of Austria, and King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia (r. 1440–57)
1492
Christopher Columbus lands in Cuba on his first voyage to the New World, surmising that it is Japan.
Italian navigator and explorer (1451–1506)
1516
Second Ottoman–Mamluk War: Mamluks fail to stop the Ottoman advance towards Egypt at the Battle of Yaunis Khan.
Imperial Ottoman conquest of Egypt and the Levant
1531
Abyssinian–Adal war: The Adal Sultanate seizes southern Ethiopia.
1529–1543 war between the Ethiopian Empire and Adal Sultanate
1538
The Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino is founded in what is now the Dominican Republic.
Historic university in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
1628
French Wars of Religion: The Siege of La Rochelle ends with the surrender of the Huguenots after fourteen months.
1562–1598 Catholic-Protestant conflicts
1636
The Massachusetts Bay Colony votes to establish a theological college, which would later become Harvard University.
1628-1691 English colony in North America
1640
The Treaty of Ripon is signed, ending the hostilities of the Second Bishops' War.
1640 treaty ceasing hostilities
1664
The Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, later to be known as the Royal Marines, is established.
Maritime land warfare force of the United Kingdom
1707
The 1707 Hōei earthquake causes more than 5,000 deaths in Japan.
Earthquake and tsunami off the southern coast of Japan
1726
The novel Gulliver's Travels written by Jonathan Swift is published.
1726 novel by Jonathan Swift
1746
The 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake causes up to 6,000 deaths in Peru, the deadliest in its history up to that point.
Megathrust earthquake in Peru
1776
American Revolutionary War: British troops under General William Howe attack General George Washington's Continental Army and capture Chatterton Hill in the Battle of White Plains during the New York and New Jersey campaign.
1775–1783 conflict in North America
1834
The Pinjarra massacre occurs in the Swan River Colony.
An estimated 30 Noongar people are killed by British colonists.
1835
The United Tribes of New Zealand are established with the signature of the Declaration of Independence.
Māori confederation in northern New Zealand from 1835 to 1840
1864
American Civil War: A Union attack on the Confederate capital of Richmond is repulsed.
1861–1865 conflict in the United States
1886
US president Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
President of the United States (1885–1889; 1893–1897)
1891
The Mino–Owari earthquake, the largest inland earthquake in Japan's history, occurs.
Magnitude 8.0 earthquake in Japan
1893
Pyotr Tchaikovsky's Symphony No.
6 in B Minor, Pathétique receives its première performance only nine days before the composer's death.
1918
World War I: A new Polish government in western Galicia is established, triggering the Polish–Ukrainian War.
Global conflict from 1914 to 1918
1919
The U.S.
Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
1922
Italian fascists led by Benito Mussolini march on Rome and take over the Italian government.
Fascist ideology as developed in Italy
1928
Indonesia Raya, now the national anthem of Indonesia, is first played during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress.
National anthem of Indonesia
1940
World War II: Greece rejects Italy's ultimatum.
Italy invades Greece through Albania a few hours later.
1942
The Alaska Highway first connects Alaska to the North American railway network at Dawson Creek in Canada.
Highway in British Columbia, Yukon, and Alaska
1948
Paul Hermann Müller is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT.
20th-century Swiss chemist and Nobel laureate
1948
Ecological disaster in Donora, Pennsylvania.
Major Pennsylvania air pollution incident
1949
An Air France Lockheed Constellation crashes in the Azores, killing all 48 people on board.
Flag carrier airline of France
1954
Aeroflot Flight 136 crashes near Krasnoyarsk, killing 19.
City in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
1956
Hungarian Revolution: A de facto ceasefire comes into effect between armed revolutionaries and Soviet troops, who begin to withdraw from Budapest.
Communist officials and facilities come under attack by revolutionaries.
1962
The Cuban Missile Crisis ends and Premier Nikita Khrushchev orders the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba.
1962 confrontation between the US and USSR
1965
Pope Paul VI promulgates Nostra aetate, by which the Roman Catholic Church officially recognizes the legitimacy of non-Christian faiths.
Head of the Catholic Church from 1963 to 1978
1971
Prospero becomes the only British satellite to be launched by a British rocket.
British experimental satellite launched in 1971
1982
The Spanish general election begins fourteen years of rule by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.
1989
Aloha Island Air Flight 1712, a Twin Otter 300, crashed into terrain at night in Hawaii killing all 20 occupants onboard.
1989 aviation accident in Hawaiʻi
1995
The Baku Metro fire sees 289 people killed and 270 injured.
Fatal fire accident in Baku, Azerbaijan
2006
A funeral service takes place at the Bykivnia graves for Ukrainians who were killed by the Soviet secret police.
Memorial and mass grave for Soviet dissidents in Kyiv, Ukraine
2007
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner becomes the first directly elected female President of Argentina.
President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015
2009
The 28 October 2009 Peshawar bombing kills 117 and wounds 213.
Terrorist attack in Pakistan
2009
NASA successfully launches the Ares I-X mission, the only rocket launch for its short-lived Constellation program.
American space and aeronautics agency
2009
US President Barack Obama signs the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr.
Hate Crimes Prevention Act.
2013
Five people are killed and 38 are injured after a car crashes into barriers at Tiananmen Square in China.
Terrorist attack in Beijing, China
2014
A rocket carrying NASA's Cygnus CRS Orb-3 resupply mission to the International Space Station explodes seconds after taking off from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport in Wallops Island, Virginia.
Failed late 2014 cargo mission to the ISS
2018
Jair Bolsonaro is elected president of Brazil with 57 million votes, with Workers' Party candidate Fernando Haddad as the runner-up.
It is the first time in 16 years that a Workers' Party candidate is not elected president.
2023
The 2023 Rugby World Cup final is held at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, France.
It saw South Africa defeat New Zealand 12 to 11, claiming their fourth Webb Ellis Cup, becoming the first nation to do so.
2025
Hurricane Melissa makes landfall near Black River, Jamaica, killing over 30 people, as well as tying the 1935 Labor Day hurricane as the most intense landfall in the North Atlantic.
Category 5 Atlantic hurricane in 2025