Did you know
In 1956, In the United States, Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery bus boycott. This featured entry focuses on the immediate decision and its direct historical impact.
January 30 in History
1956 — In the United States, Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King Jr
's home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery bus boycott.
January 30 spans 51 recorded events across recorded history, from 1018 to 2020. Below is a curated digest of the most significant moments tied to this date.
By thisDay.info Editorial Team · — Wikipedia
Historical Events
51 events
1018 – 2020
Today in history
More major events on January 30
The featured story and these ranked highlights form a quick summary. Every recorded event remains available in the chronology below.
- 2013 Naro-1 becomes the first carrier rocket launched by South Korea. Source
- 1975 The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first United States National Marine Sanctuary. Source
- 1835 In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself. Source
Did you know
The civil rights movement was a social movement in the United States from 1954 to 1968 which aimed to abolish legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement in the country, which most commonly affected African Americans. This helps explain why the event mattered beyond the initial announcement.
Did you know
The movement had origins in the Reconstruction era in the late 19th century, and modern roots in the 1940s and in Mohandas Gandhi's nonviolent movement in India. This clarifies the institutional and public response around the event.
Did you know
After years of nonviolent protests and civil disobedience campaigns, the civil rights movement achieved many of its legislative goals in the 1960s, during which it secured new protections in federal law for the civil rights of all Americans, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968. This shows how the event shaped policy and public communication in the same period.
Did you know
In 1956, In the United States, Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King Jr.'s home is bombed in retaliation for the Montgomery bus boycott had consequences that extended beyond the first headline. The key context is the institutions involved, the policy shift, and how the public response evolved afterward.
1018
Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen.
Country in Central Europe
1287
King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom.
Founding King of Martaban (r. 1287–1307)
1607
An estimated 200 square miles (51,800 ha) along the coasts of the Bristol Channel and Severn Estuary in England are destroyed by massive flooding, resulting in an estimated 2,000 deaths.
Large inlet to the river Severn in southwest Great Britain
1648
Eighty Years' War: The Treaty of Münster and Osnabrück is signed, ending the conflict between the Netherlands and Spain.
c. 1566/1568–1648 war in Habsburg Netherlands
1649
Charles I of England is executed in Whitehall, London.
King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1625 to 1649
1661
Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, is ritually executed more than two years after his death, on the 12th anniversary of the execution of the monarch he himself deposed.
English military and political leader (1599–1658)
1667
The Truce of Andrusovo is signed, ending the Russian-Polish War of 1654-1667.
1667 agreement ending the Russo-Polish War
1789
Tây Sơn forces emerge victorious against Qing armies and liberate the capital Thăng Long.
1778–1802 ruling dynasty of Vietnam
1806
The original Lower Trenton Bridge (also called the Trenton Makes the World Takes Bridge), which spans the Delaware River between Morrisville, Pennsylvania and Trenton, New Jersey, is opened.
Bridge from Trenton, New Jersey, to Morrisville, Pennsylvania, US
1820
Edward Bransfield sights the Trinity Peninsula and claims the discovery of Antarctica.
Irish sailor (1785–1852)
1826
The Menai Suspension Bridge, considered the world's first modern suspension bridge, connecting the Isle of Anglesey to the northwest coast of Wales, is opened.
Historic bridge between Anglesey and mainland Wales
1835
In the first assassination attempt against a President of the United States, Richard Lawrence attempts to shoot president Andrew Jackson, but fails and is subdued by a crowd, including several congressmen as well as Jackson himself.
Failed assassin of Andrew Jackson (c. 1800–1861)
1847
Yerba Buena, California is renamed San Francisco, California.
Settlement which became San Francisco in 1847
1858
The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of The Hallé orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.
City and metropolitan borough in England
1862
American Civil War: The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched.
1861–1865 conflict in the United States
1889
Archduke Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria, heir to the Austro-Hungarian crown, is found dead with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera in the Mayerling.
Title used by the Habsburg dynasty
1908
Indian pacifist and leader Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is released from prison by Jan C.
Smuts after being tried and sentenced to two months in jail earlier in the month.
1911
The destroyer USS Terry makes the first airplane rescue at sea saving the life of Douglas McCurdy 16 kilometres (10 miles) from Havana, Cuba.
Paulding-class destroyer
1920
Japanese carmaker Mazda is founded, initially as a cork-producing company.
Japanese multinational automaker
1925
The Government of Turkey expels Patriarch Constantine VI from Istanbul.
Country in Southeastern Europe and West Asia
1930
The Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union orders the confiscation of lands belonging to the Kulaks in a campaign of Dekulakization, resulting in the executions and forced deportations of millions.
Supreme political authority in Soviet Union
1933
Adolf Hitler's rise to power: Hitler takes office as the Chancellor of Germany.
Events leading to Hitler's dictatorship of Germany
1939
During a speech in the Reichstag, Adolf Hitler makes a prediction about the end of the Jewish race in Europe if another world war were to occur.
Speech by Adolf Hitler
1942
World War II: Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies.
Some 300 captured Allied troops are killed after the surrender. One-quarter of the remaining POWs remain alive at the end of the war.
1944
World War II: The Battle of Cisterna, part of Operation Shingle, begins in central Italy.
1944 battle of World War II in Italy
1945
World War II: The Wilhelm Gustloff, overfilled with German refugees, sinks in the Baltic Sea after being torpedoed by a Soviet submarine, killing approximately 9,500 people.
German military transport ship which sank in 1945; former cruise ship
1945
World War II: Raid at Cabanatuan: One hundred and twenty-six American Rangers and Filipino resistance fighters liberate over 500 Allied prisoners from the Japanese-controlled Cabanatuan POW camp.
1945 rescue of Allied POWs in the Philippines
1948
British South American Airways' Tudor IV Star Tiger disappears over the Bermuda Triangle.
United Kingdom state-run airline (1944–1950)
1948
Following the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in his home compound, India's prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, broadcasts to the nation, saying "The light has gone out of our lives".
The date of the assassination becomes observed as "Martyrs' Day" in India.
1959
The forces of the Sultanate of Muscat occupy the last strongholds of the Imamate of Oman, Saiq and Shuraijah, marking the end of Jebel Akhdar War in Oman.
Place in Ad Dakhiliyah Region, Oman
1959
MS Hans Hedtoft, specifically designed to operate in icebound seas, strikes an iceberg on her maiden voyage and sinks, killing all 95 aboard.
20th-century Danish ship
1960
The African National Party is founded in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.
Political party in Chad (1960-1963)
1964
In a bloodless coup, General Nguyễn Khánh overthrows General Dương Văn Minh's military junta in South Vietnam.
South Vietnamese military supreme ruler (1927–2013)
1968
Vietnam War: Tet Offensive launch by forces of the Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army against South Vietnam, the United States, and their allies.
1955–1975 war in Southeast Asia
1969
The Beatles' last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records in London.
The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.
1972
The Troubles: Bloody Sunday: British paratroopers open fire on anti-internment marchers in Derry, Northern Ireland, killing 13 people; another person later dies of injuries sustained.
1960s–1998 conflict in Northern Ireland
1972
Pakistan leaves the Commonwealth of Nations in protest of its recognition of breakaway Bangladesh.
Country in South Asia
1974
Pan Am Flight 806 crashes near Pago Pago International Airport in American Samoa, killing 97.
1974 aviation accident
1975
The Monitor National Marine Sanctuary is established as the first United States National Marine Sanctuary.
Protected marine area near Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, United States
1975
Turkish Airlines Flight 345 crashes into the Sea of Marmara near Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport, killing 42.
1975 aviation accident
1979
A Varig Boeing 707-323C freighter, flown by the same commander as Flight 820, disappears over the Pacific Ocean 30 minutes after taking off from Tokyo.
Airline of Brazil (1927–2006)
1982
Richard Skrenta writes the first PC virus code, which is 400 lines long and disguised as an Apple boot program called "Elk Cloner".
American computer programmer (born 1967)
1989
The American embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan is closed.
Former U.S. diplomatic mission to Afghanistan
1995
Hydroxycarbamide becomes the first approved preventive treatment for sickle cell disease.
Medication
2000
Kenya Airways Flight 431 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Ivory Coast, killing 169.
2000 aviation accident in the Atlantic Ocean
2006
The Goleta postal facility shootings occur, killing seven people before the perpetrator took her own life.
Mass shooting in California, U.S.
2007
Microsoft Corporation releases Windows Vista, a major release of the operating system Microsoft Windows and the NT based kernel.
American multinational technology company
2013
Naro-1 becomes the first carrier rocket launched by South Korea.
South Korea's first carrier rocket (2009–2013)
2020
The World Health Organization declares the COVID-19 pandemic to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
Specialized agency of the United Nations